The Biotic Studies Team from the Master of Environmental Science Program at Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) conducted a Field Work Course (Kuliah Kerja Lapangan/KKL) in the Mojo Mangrove Essential Ecosystem (KEE), Pemalang Regency. The team analyzed mangrove community structure, measured carbon stocks, and assessed environmental parameters affecting the mangrove ecosystem in an area designated as a role model for collaborative mangrove management in Indonesia.
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Previous studies by Renta et al. (2016) indicated that Avicennia marina dominates the tree level with an Importance Value Index (IVI) of 153.24, while Rhizophora mucronata dominates the sapling level with an IVI of 171.40. The area demonstrates significant carbon sequestration potential, with estimated biomass carbon stocks of 21.55–144.22 tons C/ha and sediment carbon stocks of 98.45–181.06 tons C/ha, averaging a total carbon stock of 155.13 tons C/ha. These findings position the Mojo mangrove forest as one of the most effective natural solutions for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.
Field observations revealed a dense canopy, healthy trees with dark green leaves, and robust root systems. The presence of migratory birds and mudskippers indicates that the mangrove ecosystem serves as a critical habitat supporting broader biodiversity. Analysis results indicate that the total carbon stock in the Mojo mangrove area is 55.73 tons C/ha. However, the survey also identified transition zones with dying and desiccated mangrove trees, likely due to abrasion and land subsidence caused by the conversion of land into vannamei shrimp ponds requiring freshwater. Compared to nearby villages such as Pesantren and Limbangan, Mojo has a lower pond-to-mangrove ratio (14.47%), indicating relatively lighter land pressure and higher potential for successful rehabilitation (Fatmawati et al., 2016).
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This KKL activity directly supports the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 14 (Life below Water) through the protection and restoration of coastal ecosystems, and SDG 13 (Climate Action) by identifying the carbon sequestration potential of mangroves as a nature-based solution. Through a scientific approach integrated with local community involvement, including the Pelita Bahari group formed in collaboration with OISCA, this research is expected to provide significant scientific contributions toward more inclusive and sustainable conservation strategies. “Community awareness of the importance of mangrove ecosystems has increased, and it is hoped that economic needs—particularly for local livelihoods in milkfish and vannamei shrimp farming—can be balanced with environmental conservation efforts,” said Mr. Tolani, Head of the Pelita Bahari Group. The synergy between scientific knowledge and local wisdom strengthens efforts to protect mangrove ecosystems as natural coastal barriers and habitats for remarkable biodiversity.
“During our fieldwork in the Mojo Essential Mangrove Ecosystem, Pemalang Regency, we witnessed firsthand how mangrove forests serve as natural coastal barriers and vital habitats for diverse species,” the Biotic Studies Team stated. This experience underscores the critical importance of ecosystem protection, particularly in the context of climate crisis, environmental degradation, and developmental pressures.
Author: Biotic Studies Team